These two aspects of the debate - value creation and value capture - should ideally go hand in hand. There are those who create value, but cannot capture it. There are those who do not create value, but skim the markets to accrue rent. Both models are imperfect. The ideal combination is to both create and to capture.
Value is created through numerous channels, including (but not limited to):
- Innovation - product / process / systems / brand
- Productivity and efficiency enhancement
- Enhanced competitiveness vis-a-vis competitors
- Short term manoeuvres and barriers, as well as
- Long-term capabilities that are unique, difficult to imitate by competitors and which may have been developed over time. Such capabilities are easier to destroy than they are to create, but are critical to firms and regions alike.
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